ADJECTIVE

  

 

An adjective tells something about a Noun or a Pronoun. It generally answers the question which one? What kind? or How ?

 

e.g. This white dog is the cleverest dog. (Which dog is the cleverest?) (The word white is an adjective)

 

He is a dishonest servant. (What kind of a servant he is?) (The word dishonest is an adjective)

There were four police constables. (How many police constables were there?) (The word four is an adjective)

 

 

There are following kinds of Adjectives-:

 

Kinds	DEFINITION & EXAMPLES
Adjective Of Quality	Shows The quality of a Noun /Pronoun and answers which  /what?   Red- Red colour symbolizes power and courage.   Famous- She is a famous singer.   Thin- That thin girl is my cousin.   Tall – William is not a tall boy.
Adjective Of Quantity	Indicates quantity and answers how much / how many?   Little- We don’t have a little idea about his whereabouts.   More – She wants some more information.   Few – There a few people who still use typewriter.   Much – Don’t take much stress.   Many- He has many good friends.   *We shall learn in detail  about these in determiners’ chapter.
Distributive Adjective	Denotes one thing /person out of a whole group and answerers which one?   Each- Each student is special.   Every- Every teacher knows that he is a genius.    Either (one of the two)- Either direction can be chosen.   Neither (none of the two)- Neither of the girl is lying.
Demonstrative Adjective	Indicates towards Noun that follows and answers which one?   This- This cat is very naughty.   These- These dogs are well trained.   That- That was a big mistake.   Those- Those plants are healthier.   Such-   Such people are ageless.
Possessive Adjective	Shows The relation of something to someone and answers whose?   My- My coat is quite comfortable.   Our- Our house is our heaven.   Own- Use your own hanky only.   Your- Your daughter is a promising student.   His- His whole life is an example of love and sacrifice.   Her- Her best friend is a renowned scientist.   Their- Their strength lies in their unity.
Interrogative Adjective	Used before Nouns to ask questions (?)   What- What did you eat in breakfast today?   What kind of a person is your boss?   Which student is selected for that senior level debate?   How many teachers will attend that meeting?   How much fuel do we need to reach Ambala? Which-
Adjectives Of Number	Tell the number and answers how many?   Ordinal- First,  second, third etc     The first student from the second row will be our third empire.   Cardinal-one, two etc.   Give her one note book one eraser and two pens.

 

Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives:

 

Positive Degree	Comparative Degree	Superlative Degree
Denotes simple quality	Denotes a higher degree of the quality	Denotes The highest degree of the quality

 

Most adjectives are made comparative &superlative by adding –‘er’and –‘est’ respectively to the positive degree.

 

Positive Degree	Comparative Degree	Superlative Degree
Black Bright Brave Cold Calm Deep Great Hard Keen Light Near Pure Poor Rich Strong Tall White Young	Blacker Brighter Braver Colder Calmer Deeper Greater Harder Keener Lighter Nearer Purer Poorer Richer Stronger Taller Whiter Younger	Blackest Brightest Bravest Coldest Calmest Deepest Greatest Hardest Keenest Lightest Nearest Purest Poorest Richest Strongest Tallest Whitest Youngest

 

When the positive degree of an adjective ends in a consonant preceded by a vowel, the last consonant is doubled before adding –‘er’ or –‘est’.

 

Fat Hot Sad Wet

Fatter Hotter Sadder Wetter

Fattest Hottest Saddest Wettest

 

When the +eve degree of an adjective ends in –y, while making comparative and superlative degrees-y is changed into –I and –er or –est is added.

 

Easy Heavy Lazy Pretty Wealthy

Easier Heavier Lazier Prettier Wealthier

Easiest Heaviest Laziest Prettiest Wealthiest

 

Some of The adjectives are irregular adjectives because their comparative &superlative degrees are not formed from their positive degree.

Bad Far Good/well Little Many Old Up

Worse Farther Better Less/Lesser More Older/elder Upper

Worst Farthest Best Least Most Oldest/eldest Up most/uppermost

 

Some adjectives take the use of more & most before them to make the comparative &superlative degree.

Active Careful Difficult Handsome Beautiful Popular Urgent

More active More careful More difficult More handsome More beautiful More popular More urgent

Most active Most careful Most difficult Most handsome Most beautiful Most popular Most urgent

 

Exercise-1

Insert the suitable adjectives in the following statements:

(famous, beautiful, festivity, new, driver friendly, lucky)

a.         His shirt is___________.

b.         Your car is very __________.

c.         My uncle will gift me a _______doll on my birthday.

d.         Shimla is a ________ tourist spot.

e.         December is the month of _______ for Christians.

 

Exercise-2

Make the comparative and the superlative sentences for the following:

a.Sheela speaks softly.

____________________________________

____________________________________

b.Nomita is a helpful boy.

____________________________________

____________________________________

c.Elephant is a big animal.

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

d.‘The Hindu’ is a popular newspaper.

_____________________________________

_____________________________________

 

Exercise-3

Provide the suitable distributive adjectives in the following:

(Either, neither, all, each, every)

On the occasion of annual day, ______ the buildings of our school were adorned.

______ Pillar of the building was decorated with garlands, and ________ class was decorated with Rangoli. _______ of the buildings, senior wing as well as junior wing, were decorated with colourful lights.The school has two buildings._________ building was decorated tastefully. __________ of the building was neglected.._________ student participated in this decoration. ________the students were given sweets after the completion of the function.